Personalities of the Napoleonic period
Napoleon's family ; his marshals and generals ; his allied and enemies ; his ministers ; politicians he met ; mathematicians, scientists, doctors, painters and other artists having practised during the Consulate and the First French Empire ; two popes ; a cooper... Read a short biography of each personality having participated (voluntarily or not) to the napoleonic epic.
BONAPARTE, Napoléon - General, Consul, Emperor
ABRIAL, André-Joseph - Minister of Justice
ADDINGTON, Henry - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
ALEXANDER I - Emperor of Russia from 1801 to 1825
ALI (Louis Etienne SAINT-DENIS, a.k.a.) - Mamluk of Emperor Napoleon
ALVINCZY VON BORBEREK, Josef - Austrian Field Marshal
ANTRAIGUES, Emmanuel-Louis-Henri de LAUNAY, Count of - Pamphleteer, spy and political adventurer
APPIANI, Andrea - Painter
ARRIGHI de CASANOVA, Jean-Thomas, Duke of PADUA - General of the French Empire
ARTOIS, Charles-Philippe, Count of - Younger brother of King Louis XVI and King Louis XVIII, King of France as Charles X from 1824 to 1830
AUGEREAU, Charles Pierre François, Duke of CASTIGLIONE - Marshal of the French Empire
AUSTRIA, Archduke Charles of - Austrian field Marshal
AUSTRIA, Francis I of - Emperor of Austria
AUSTRIA, Archduke John of - Austrian field Marshal
AUSTRIA, Archduchess Marie-Louise of - Empress of the French from 1810 to 1814
BACHASSON, Jean-Pierre, Count of MONTALIVET - French politician
BACIOCCHI, Félix-Pascal - Napoleon's brother-in-law
BAGRATION, Pyotr Ivanovich - Georgian General in the Russian army
BAJALICS VON BAJAHAZA, Adam - Hungarian General of the Habsburg Monarchy
BALTARD, Louis-Pierre - Architect, painter and engraver
BARBÉ-MARBOIS, François de - Minister of the Treasury
BARCLAY de TOLLY, Mikhail Bogdanovich - Russian Marshal
BARRAS, Paul François de - French politician
BEAUHARNAIS, Eugène de - Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy, Napoleon's stepson
BEAUHARNAIS, Hortense de - Queen of Holland, Napoleon's stepdaughter
BEAUHARNAIS born TASCHER de la PAGERIE, Marie-Josèphe-Rose (a.k.a. Joséphine) de - Empress of the French from 1804 to 1809
BEAUHARNAIS, Stéphanie de - Grand Duchess of Baden
BEAULIEU, Johann von - Belgian General in the Austrian army
BÉDOYÈRE, Charles de La - General
BENNIGSEN, Levin August von - German General in the Russian army
BERNADOTTE, Jean-Baptiste Jules, Prince of PONTE-CORVO - Marshal of the French Empire, then King of Sweden
BERTHEMY, Pierre-Augustin - Colonel of the French Empire and General of the Kingdom of Naples
BERTHIER, Alexandre, Prince of WAGRAM - Marshal of the French Empire
BERTHOLLET, Claude-Louis, Count - Chemist
BERTON, Henri MONTAN - Musician
BESSIÈRES, Jean Baptiste, Duke of ISTRIA - Marshal of the French Empire
BEURNONVILLE, Pierre RIEL de, Count - General
BICHAT, Marie François Xavier - Physician and physiologist
BIGNON, Louis, Baron - Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
BIGOT de PRÉAMENEU, Félix-Julien-Jean, Count - Minister of Worship
BLÜCHER, Gebhard Leberecht von - Prussian Marshal
BOIELDIEU, François-Adrien - Musician
BOISSY D'ANGLAS, François Antoine - Politician
BONAPARTE, Caroline (Marie-Annonciade, a.k.a.) - Napoleon's sister
BONAPARTE, Elisa (Marie-Anne, a.k.a.) - Napoleon's sister
BONAPARTE, Jérôme - Napoleon's brother
BONAPARTE, Joseph - Napoleon's brother
BONAPARTE, Louis - Napoleon's brother
BONAPARTE, Lucien - Napoleon's brother
BONAPARTE, Napoleon-François-Charles-Joseph - Napoleon's son
BONAPARTE, Pauline (Marie-Paulette, a.k.a.) - Napoleon's sister
BORGHESE, Camillo - Napoleon's brother-in-law
BOULAY de LA MEURTHE, Antoine Jacques Claude Joseph - Politician, minister
BOURDOIS de LA MOTTE, Edme-Joachim - Physician of the King of Rome
BOURDON de VATRY, Marc-Antoine - Minister of the Navy
BOURMONT, Louis Auguste Victor de GHAISNES, count of - General of the French Empire
BOYER, Alexis - First Surgeon of the Emperor
BREGUET Abraham-Louis - Watchmaking engineer
BRILLAT DE SAVARIN Jean-Anthelme - Gourmet, writer
BROUSSIER, Jean-Baptiste - General
BRUIX, Eustache - Vice-admiral
BRUNE, Guillaume Marie-Anne - Marshal of the French Empire
BUONAPARTE, Carlo Maria (BONAPARTE, Charles-Marie) - Napoleon's father
BUONAPARTE, Laetitia (born RAMOLINO, Maria-Letizia) - Napoleon's mother
CABANIS, Pierre Jean Georges - Physician, Count, Senator
CADET DE GASSICOURT, Charles-Louis - Pharmacist and writer
CADOUDAL, Georges - Leader of the Chouannerie against French Revolution
CAFFARELLI DU FALGA, Maximilien - General and member of the Institute of France
CAMBACÉRÈS, Jean-Jacques Régis de, Duke of PARMA - French statesman, Second Consul
CAMBRONNE, Pierre Jacques Étienne - General of the French Empire
CANNING, George - Minister of Foreign Affairs of the United Kingdom
CARÊME Marie-Antoine - Cooker and pastry chef
CARNOT, Lazare Nicolas, Comte - Mathematician, scientist, General in the French army and politician
CASTLEREAGH, Robert Stewart, viscount - British politician and diplomat
CATEL, Charles Simon - Musician
CAULAINCOURT, Armand Augustin Louis de, Duke of VICENZA - Minister of Foreign Affairs
CHAMPAGNY, Jean-Baptiste de NOMPÈRE de, Duke of CADORE - Ambassador at Vienna, later Minister
CHAPTAL, Jean-Antoine-Claude, Count of CHANTELOUP - Minister of Internal Affairs
CHARLES IV (CARLOS IV) - King of Spain from 1788 to 1808
CHASTEL, Pierre-Amé - General
CHATEAUBRIAND, François-René de - Writer and Politician
CHERUBINI, Luigi - Musician
CLARKE, Henri-Jacques-Guillaume, Duke of FELTRE - Minister of War
CLARY, Bernardine-Eugénie-Désirée, a.k.a. Désirée - Young Napoleon's fiancée, then Queen consort of Sweden
CLARY, Marie-Julie, a.k.a. Julie - Joseph Bonaparte's spouse, Queen consort of Naples then Spain
CLAUZEL (or CLAUSEL), Bertrand, Count - General
COIGNET, Jean-Roch - Captain and Memoirist
COLLIN, Jean-Baptiste, count of SUSSY - Minister of Commerce and Industry
CONSTANT de REBECQUE, Benjamin - Politician and writer
CORVISART des MARETS, Jean-Nicolas, Baron - Primary Physician of the Emperor
COSTE, Jean François - Physician
CRÉTET, Emmanuel, Count of CHAMPMOL - Minister of Internal affairs
CURIAL, Philibert Jean-Baptiste - General
CUVIER, Georges (Jean Léopold Frédéric, a.k.a.), Baron - Naturalist, zoologist and paleontologist
DALAYRAC, Nicolas Marie - French Musician
DALBERG, Emmerich Joseph, Duke of - French Diplomat
DARU, Pierre-Antoine-Noël Bruno, Count - Secretary of State, Minister of War Administration
DAUMESNIL, Yrieix-Pierre - General
DAVID, Jacques Louis - Painter
DAVOUT, Louis-Nicolas, Duke of AUERSTAEDT, Prince of ECKMÜHL - Marshal of the French Empire
DECRÈS, Denis, Duke - Minister of the Navy
DEJEAN, Jean-François-Aimé, Count - Minister of the War Administration
DENON, Dominique Vivant, Baron - Director of the Napoleon Museum
DENUELLE DE LA PLAIGNE, Eléonore - Mistress of Emperor Napoleon I
DESAIX, Louis Charles Antoine - General
DESGENETTES, René-Nicolas (DUFRICHE, Baron) - Chief doctor to the French army
DEYEUX, Nicolas - First pharmacist of the Emperor
DROUET, Jean-Baptiste - General
DUBOIS-FOUCOU, Jean-Joseph - Napoleon's personal dentist
DUCHÂTEL born PAPIN, Marie-Antoinette Adèle - Mistress of Emperor Napoleon I
DUGOMMIER, Jacques (COQUILLE, Jacques François, a.k.a.) - General in the French army
DUPUYTREN, Guillaume - Surgeon and anatomist
DUROC, Géraud Christophe de MICHEL du ROC, a.k.a, Duke of FRIULI - Grand Marshal of the Palace
ÉBLÉ, Jean-Baptiste, Count - General
ENGHIEN, Louis Antoine Henri de BOURBON-CONDÉ, Duke of - French Prince
FERDINAND VII (FERNANDO VII) - King of Spain in 1808 then from 1813 to 1833
FESCH, Joseph - Cardinal. Napoleon's uncle
FORFAIT, Pierre-Alexandre - Minister of the Navy
FOUCHÉ, Joseph, Duke of OTRANTO - Minister of Police
FOURCROY, Antoine François - Physician, chemist, politician
FOURES, Pauline - Mistress of General Bonaparte in Egypt
FOX, Charles James - English politician and Minister
FREDERICK-WILLIAM III (FRIEDRICH-WILHELM III) - King of Prussia
GAUDIN, Martin Michel Charles, Duke of GAETA - Minister of Finance
GEORGE III - King of United Kingdom and Ireland, King of Hanover
GÉRARD, François Pascal Simon - Painter
GIRARD, Jean-Baptiste, Duke of LIGNY - General of the French Empire
GIRODET de ROUCY, Anne-Louis (a.k.a. Girodet-Trioson or Girodet) - Painter
GNEISENAU, August Wilhelm Antonius NEIDHARDT von, Count - Prussian General
GODOY, Manuel, Principe de la PAZ - Prime Minister of Spain
GOSSEC, François-Joseph Gossé, a.k.a. - Composer
GOURGAUD, Gaspard, baron - General of the French Empire
GOUVION-SAINT-CYR, Laurent, Count of - Marshal of the French Empire
GRANET, François Omer - French cooper and politician
GRÉTRY, André-Ernest-Modeste - Musicien
GROS, Antoine Jean - Painter
GROUCHY, Emmanuel, Count of - Marshal of the French Empire
GUDIN de la SABLONNIÈRE, César Charles Étienne, count - General
GUERIN, Jean-Baptiste Paulin (a.k.a. Paulin-Guérin) - Painter
HALLÉ, Jean Noël - Physician
HAUTPOUL, Jean Joseph Ange d' - General of the French Empire
HEURTELOUP, Nicolas - Chief surgeon of the Grand Army
HUGO, Joseph Léopold Sigisbert - General, father of writer Victor Hugo
HULIN, Pierre-Augustin - General
INGRES, Jean Auguste Dominique - Painter
ISABEY, Jean-Baptiste - Miniaturist painter
JACOTIN, Pierre - Engineer-Geographer
JEFFERSON, Thomas - President of the United States of America
JOMINI, Antoine-Henri - General
JOUBERT, Barthélémy Catherine - General of the French Revolution
JOURDAN, Jean-Baptiste - Marshal of the French Empire
JUNOT, Jean-Andoche, Duke of ABRANTES - General of the French Empire
KELLERMANN, François Étienne Christophe, Duke of VALMY - Marshal of the French Empire
KLÉBER, Jean-Baptiste - General of the French Revolution
KUTUZOV, Mikhaïl Illarionovitch, Prince of SMOLENSK - Russian field Marshal
LACUÉE, Jean Girard, Count of CESSAC - Minister of War administration
LAËNNEC, René-Théophile-Hyacinthe - Physician
LAGNEAU, Louis Vivant - Surgeon
LAGRANGE, Joseph Louis, Count - Mathematician
LAHARPE, Amédée Emmanuel François - Swiss General in the French army
LA MOTTE, Edme-Joachim BOURDOIS de - Physician of the King of Rome
LANNES, Jean, Duke of MONTEBELLO - Marshal of the French Empire
LAPLACE, Pierre-Simon, Count - Mathematician and astronomer
LA REVELLIERE-LEPEAUX, Louis-Marie de - French Politician
LARIBOISIÈRE or LARIBOISSIÈRE, Jean Ambroise BASTON, Count of - General of the French Empire
LARREY, Dominique-Jean, Baron - Chief surgeon to the French army
LASALLE, Antoine Charles Louis, Count of - General of the French Empire
LATOUCHE-TRÉVILLE, Louis René Madeleine Levassor de - Vice-Admiral
LEBRUN, Charles-François, Duke of PIACENZA - Third Consul
LECLERC, Charles-Victor-Emmanuel - General, Bonaparte's brother-in-law
LEFEBVRE, François Joseph, Duke of DANTZIG - Marshal of the French Empire
LEFEBVRE-DESNOUETTES, Charles - General of the French Empire
LEJEUNE, Louis François, Baron - Painter and General of the French Empire
LEON, Charles (a.k.a Count Leon) - natural son of Napoleon I and Eleonore Denuelle de la Plaigne
LESUEUR, Jean-François - Composer
LIPTHAY VON KISFALUD, Anton, Baron - Hungarian general of the Holy Roman Empire
LOUIS XVIII of France - King of France from 1814 to 1824
LOWE, Sir Hudson - Jailer of Napoleon at Saint-Helena
MACDONALD, Étienne Jacques Joseph Alexandre, Duke of TARANTO - Marshal of the French Empire
MADEMOISELLE GEORGE, (WEIMER, Marguerite-Joséphine, a.k.a) - Actress
MADISON, James - President of the United States of America from 1809 to 1817
MARCHAND, Louis-Joseph-Narcisse, Count- Napoleon's First Valet
MARET, Hugues Bernard, Duke of BASSANO - French Secretary of State, Minister of Foreign affairs
MARMONT, Auguste Frédéric Louis VIESSE de, Duke of RAGUSA - Marshal of the French Empire
MASSENA, André, Duke of RIVOLI, Prince of ESSLING - Marshal of the French Empire
MECKLEMBURG-STRELITZ, Louise of - Queen of Prussia
MÉHUL, Étienne - Musician
MERLIN DE DOUAI, Philippe Antoine Merlin, a.k.a. - Lawyer and politician
METTERNICH, Klemens von - Austrian statesman
MOLÉ, Mathieu-Louis, Count - Minister of Justice
MOLLIEN, Nicolas-François, Count- Minister of the Treasury
MONCEY, Bon Adrien JANNOT de, Duke of CONEGLIANO - Marshal of the French Empire
MONGE, Gaspard, Count of PELUSIUM - Mathematician and politician
MOREAU, Jean-Victor Marie - General of French Republic, later Russian field marshal
MORTIER, Adolphe Edouard Casimir Joseph, Duke of TREVISO - Marshal of the French Empire
MOUTON, Georges, Count of LOBAU - General of the French Empire
MURAT, Joachim, Prince - Marshal of the French Empire and King of Naples
NELSON, Horatio - Vice-admiral of the Royal Navy
NEY, Michel, Duke of ELCHINGEN, Prince of MOSKOWA - Marshal of the French Empire
OLLIVIER, Alexandre François - Surgeon
ORDENER, Michel, Count - General
OTTO, Louis, Count of MOSLOY - Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
OUDINOT, Nicolas Charles, Duke of REGGIO - Marshal of the French Empire
PAËR, Ferdinando - Italian Composer
PAISIELLO, Giovanni - Italian Composer
PALAFOX Y MELCI, José de - Spanish General and politician
PAOLI, Pasquale - Corsican patriot and leader
PARMENTIER, Antoine - Pharmacist
PAUL I - Emperor of Russia from 1796 to 1801
PELLETAN, Philippe Jean - Physician and surgeon
PELLETIER, Louis - General in the French army
PERCY, Pierre-François, Baron - Chief surgeon to the French army
PERIGNON, Catherine-Dominique de, Count - Marshal of the French Empire
PIUS VI - Pope from 1775 to 1799
PIUS VII - Pope from 1800 to 1823
PITT, William - Prime Minister of Great Britain then of the United Kingdom
PONIATOWSKI, Józef Antoni - Polish Prince and Marshal of the French Empire
PORTAL, Antoine - Surgeon
PORTALIS, Jean-Étienne-Marie - Minister of Worship
PROVENCE, Louis Stanislas Xavier, Count of - Younger brother of King Louis XVI, King of France as Louis XVIII from 1814 to 1824
RAMPON, Antoine-Guillaume, Count - General of the French Empire
REGNAUD DE SAINT-JEAN D'ANGELY, Michel Louis Étienne - Minister of State
REGNIER, Claude-Ambroise, Duke of MASSA - Minister of Justice
REINHARD, Karl Friedrich, Baron - French minister and diplomat
ROBESPIERRE, Augustin-Bon-Joseph - French revolutionary. Maximilien's brother
ROGER DUCOS, Pierre-Roger Ducos a.k.a. - Consul, Senator
SABATIER, Raphaël Bienvenu - Physician and surgeon
SAVARY, Anne-Jean-Marie-René, Duke of ROVIGO - Minister of Police
SCHOENBERG, Auguste Charlotte, Countess of Kielmannsegge - Intelligence Agent
SCHULMEISTER, Karl Ludwig - Spy of Napoleon
SCHWARZENBERG, Karl Philipp fürst zu - Austrian Field Marshal
SERURIER, Jean-Mathieu Philibert, Count - Marshal of the French Empire
SIEYÈS, Emmanuel-Joseph - Politician
SOULT, Jean de Dieu, Duke of DALMATIA - Marshal of the French Empire
SPONTINI, Gaspare - Italian composer
STAPS, Friedrich - The man who wanted to kill Bonaparte!
STENDHAL, (Henri BEYLE, a.k.a.) - French writer
SUCHET, Louis-Gabriel, Duke of ALBUFERA - Marshal of the French Empire
SUE, Jean Joseph - Physician
SURCOUF, Robert - Shipowner and privateer
TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD, Charles Maurice de, Prince of BENEVENTO - Minister of Foreign affairs
TALMA, François Joseph - Tragedian
TOUSSAINT-LOUVERTURE, François-Dominique - General and statesman
VANDAMME, Dominique-Joseph, Count of UNSEBOURG - General of the French Empire
VERHUELL or VER-HUELL, Charles-Henri, Count of SEVENAER - French (born Dutch) Vice-Admiral
VICTOR (PERRIN, Claude-Victor, a.k.a.), Duke of BELLUNO - Marshal of the French Empire
VILLENEUVE, Pierre-Charles de - Vice-Admiral
VITTORIO AMEDEO III - King of Sardinia and Duke of Savoy
VOLTA, Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio, Count - Lombard physicist
VUKASOVIĆ, Joseph Philipp - Croatian general
WALEWSKA, Maria - Mistress of Emperor Napoleon I
WALEWSKI, Count Alexandre - Son of Emperor Napoleon I and his mistress Maria Walewska
WATHIER, Pierre - General
WELLINGTON (WELLESLEY, Arthur), Duke of - English Marshal and statesman
WINTER, Jean Guillaume de, Count of HUESSEN - French (born Dutch) Vice-Admiral and General
WITTGENSTEIN, Piotr Khristyanovitch, Count - Russian Field Marshal
WURMSER, Dagobert Sigismund von - Austrian General
YORCK, Ludwig - Prussian General
YVAN, Alexandre-Urbain - Surgeon
ZIX, Benjamin - Draughtsman, painter, and engraver
